From Digital Fragmentation to Digital State Capacity: Institutional, Regulatory, and Infrastructural Conditions for Digital Government Transformation in Libya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65420/sjphrt.v2i3.165Keywords:
Digital government, digital transformation, digital state capacity, e-government, Libya, TOE framework, public administrationAbstract
More contemporary research defines digital government not merely as the automation of administrative processes, but as a fundamental transformation in public sector governance. This paper investigates digital government development in Libya, a context characterized by institutional fragmentation, ambiguous regulatory environments, and infrastructural disparities. Adopting a PRISMA-based systematic review, this study integrates the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). We propose "Digital State Capacity" as a focal concept, identifying seven critical hierarchical domains: institutional coordination, regulatory preparedness, infrastructural resilience, skilled human capital, interoperable systems, cybersecurity, and public trust. The findings suggest that digital transformation in fragile states requires a sequential approach, where foundational governance and legislative clarity precede advanced service integration. This study provides a phased policy roadmap and an evaluation matrix to guide Libya’s transition from fragmented digital efforts to a cohesive, resilient digital state system.
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