Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Nigella sativa and Thymus vulgaris on Growth Performance, Hematological, and Biochemical Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This investigation was conducted during the 2024 season in Bani Walid, Libya, to evaluate the influence of Nigella sativa (black seed) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme) as natural feed additives on the growth performance, hematological profiles, and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly distributed into five experimental groups, each consisting of four replicates with 12 birds per replicate. The dietary treatments included a basal control diet and four supplementation levels: Nigella sativa at 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%, or thyme at 1%, 2%, and 3%. The study spanned a 42-day production cycle, during which performance metrics and blood samples were meticulously analyzed. Results revealed that birds supplemented with 3% Nigella sativa and 2% thyme exhibited significantly superior weight gain and improved body weight compared to other groups. Interestingly, the control group recorded the highest feed intake and the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR), suggesting that the herbal additives enhanced nutrient utilization efficiency. Hematological analysis indicated that 4.5% Nigella sativa significantly elevated hemoglobin levels, packed cell volume (PCV), and red and white blood cell counts, reflecting an enhanced immune response and oxygen-carrying capacity. Furthermore, biochemical analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels in all treated groups compared to the control. In conclusion, incorporating moderate levels of Nigella sativa and thyme into broiler diets serves as an effective strategy to boost productivity, optimize lipid profiles, and maintain overall physiological health in poultry production.