Production of Basaltic Cementitious Materials: Raw Material Assessment in Numerous Regions in Libya

Abstract

The primary objective of this study is to assess the viability of using Libyan basalt to produce high-quality basaltic cementitious materials, specifically basalt powder and fiber. The investigation focuses on basaltic rocks (including olivine basalt, alkali olivine basalt, and olivine tholeiite) sourced from seven key locations in Libya: Bani Walid, Qasr Ash Shwayrif, Jabal Al Hasawnah, Sabha, Al Fuqaha, Zallah, and Abu Naim. Methodology involved analyzing major oxide concentrations (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, Na2O, and K2O) from 65 samples dated from the Eocene to Pleistocene. Results indicate that the chemical composition of the examined basalt is generally unsuitable for producing high-quality basalt powder or fiber. Specifically, major oxide levels often fall outside the required parameters for consistent melting and pozzolanic action, leading to subpar mechanical properties and instability in fibers. Despite these limitations, the basalt may be beneficial for other applications such as soil amendment. To enhance material quality for industrial use, the study recommends mixing the basalt with other materials to achieve ideal chemical ratios or employing acid leaching to adjust its composition for better processing.