Spatial and Biological Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Atriplex halimus Around the Sabkhas of the Libyan Coast
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65420/sjphrt.v2i3.186Keywords:
Atriplex halimus, Heavy Metals, Lead (Pb), Sabkhas, Libya, Bioaccumulation, PhytoremediationAbstract
This study investigates the spatial distribution and bioaccumulation of heavy metals, specifically Lead (Pb), in the halophytic plant Atriplex halimus and its associated soil across selected sabkha ecosystems along the Libyan coastline. Sabkhas are unique transitional environments increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities, including industrial discharge and urban runoff. The primary objective was to quantify Lead concentrations in both soil and plant tissues (leaves and stems) to assess the phytoremediation potential and ecological health of these regions. Samples were collected from strategic geographical coordinates using GPS from three distinct coastal sabkhas. Chemical analysis was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) to determine metal concentrations. The results indicated significant spatial variability in Lead levels, with higher concentrations observed in sites adjacent to industrial zones and highways. In Atriplex halimus, Lead accumulation was higher in the roots and leaves compared to the stems, suggesting a high bioconcentration factor (BCF). Statistical analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between soil metal content and plant uptake, confirming that Atriplex halimus serves as an effective bio-indicator for environmental Lead pollution. The study concludes that the Libyan coastal sabkhas are experiencing moderate to high levels of heavy metal stress, necessitating urgent conservation strategies. The findings provide a foundational database for environmental monitoring and suggest that Atriplex halimus can be utilized in phytostabilization programs to mitigate the spread of metallic contaminants in arid coastal environments.
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